La importancia de los ejemplos ilustrativos en el aprendizaje de conceptos declarativos

Verónica Sofía D’Angelo

doi:10.46553/RPSI.20.39.2024.p44-73

Autores/as

Verónica Sofía D’Angelo Instituto Rosario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Educación. Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-4313

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46553/RPSI.20.39.2024.p44-73

Palabras clave:

Psicología cognitiva, Psicología educativa, Psicología instruccional, Formación de conceptos, Conceptos declarativos, Ejemplos ilustrativos

Resumen

Se presenta una revisión narrativa y análisis de las investigaciones más relevantes en psicología cognitiva sobre el uso de ejemplos ilustrativos para el aprendizaje de conceptos declarativos (esto es, conceptos abstractos denotados por términos clave y definiciones cortas que se pueden aplicar a una amplia variedad de escenarios). Se analizan diferentes estudios, a saber: incorporación de preguntas en el texto, contraste entre estudiar definiciones y ejemplos o sólo definiciones, contraste entre estudiar ejemplos provistos Vs. ejemplos creados por el estudiante, ejemplos homogéneos Vs ejemplos con diversidad temática. Las conclusiones destacan que los ejemplos funcionan como objetivos primarios del aprendizaje. Se enfatiza la importancia de la diversidad temática.

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Citas

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