Control Inhibitorio: ¿Es Posible Hablar de un Constructo Único? Aportes de la Psicología Comparada con Perros Domésticos
Palabras clave:
impulsividad, inhibición, validez convergente, perrosResumen
El control inhibitorio, extremo opuesto de la impulsividad, es la habilidad de controlar comportamientos preponderantes pero contraproducentes. Los perros son un modelo adecuado para investigarlo particularmente en sus aspectos comportamentales. En la literatura se plantean dos posturas: una sostiene que es un constructo multidimensional y otra lo considera unitario. La primera se apoya en un gran número de evidencias que indican ausencia de asociaciones entre diversas medidas del control inhibitorio. La segunda se sustenta en algunos trabajos que encuentran correlaciones entre distintas pruebas. El objetivo fue revisar estudios sobre control inhibitorio en perros que apliquen a los mismos sujetos dos o más pruebas de esta capacidad. Se realizó una Búsqueda Electrónica y se aplicó el método Bola de Nieve. Los resultados arrojaron un total de 15 artículos. Similarmente a lo hallado en humanos, la mayoría (83%, 44 de 53) de las correlaciones encontradas no fueron significativas. Por lo tanto, considerando estos datos desde la perspectiva multidimensional, el control inhibitorio del comportamiento en perros podría ser multifactorial. Sin embargo, la evidencia es escasa y aún no es posible arribar a conclusiones definitivas.
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